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英语

A parade and a summit in China underscore how European security will never be the same again

This week, Russian President Vladimir Putin had a clear message for Ukraine and its European allies: Moscow can keep going, because we have powerful friends.

The Russian leader stood shoulder to shoulder at various events in China with the men who have enabled him to wage his war on Ukraine for as long and as ferociously as he has: China’s leader Xi Jinping, Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi, Iranian President Masoud Pezeshkian and North Korea’s Kim Jong Un.

More than three years into what Putin once thought would be a quick takeover of his much smaller and weaker neighbor, Russia would be unable to sustain the fight without Chinese and Indian money, Iranian weapons and, to a lesser extent, manpower from North Korea.

But the messaging from both the summit and military parade hosted by China this week went well beyond the war in Ukraine.

Russian President Vladimir Putin, Chinese leader Xi Jinping and North Korean leader Kim Jong Un arrive at the Tiananmen Gate for a military parade in Beijing on September 3, 2025.

cnsphoto/Reuters

The leaders who gathered in China may not agree on everything. Some of them may not even like each other very much. But they are seeing the opportunity of a lifetime to end Western dominance of the global stage. And Europe fears it could be in the firing line.

The events provided a stark visual reminder of why Europe must rethink its security. It has spent recent years trying to isolate Russia’s leader and starve its economy, while also coming to terms with the fact that the United States may no longer be the ally it can always turn to.

Yet there was Putin, standing together with some of the world’s most powerful men, reaffirming their friendships.

“Russia is trying to demonstrate that even though it has been isolated from the Western world, it still has partners and allies which are economically strong countries… And this isolation doesn‘t mean that the Russian economy will crumble or that Russia will be unable to sustain its war effort,” Natia Seskuria, an associate fellow at the Royal United Services Institute (RUSI), told CNN.

The international order that was set after the end of the Cold War is clearly at risk of unraveling.

The US has been retreating from the global stage under President Donald Trump and his “America First” agenda. Meanwhile, Europe is battling its own demons, including a surge in far-right nationalism and economic pressures.

Russia, China, India and other countries that did not like the idea of a US-dominated world suddenly saw an opening.

“The established dominance of the Western alliance in international affairs is receding, and they see the opportunity to start to, in a serious way, re-engineer the international system,” John Lough, head of foreign policy at the New Eurasian Strategies Centre think tank, told CNN.

This week has laid these ambitions bare for everyone, including Trump, to see.

Trump did get the message. “Please give my warmest regards to Vladimir Putin, and Kim Jong Un, as you conspire against The United States of America,” he wrote in a message to Xi.

Strings attached

Despite all the recent hand holding and smiles, China’s and India’s approach to Russia’s war in Ukraine is dominated by pragmatism, analysts say.

The two consistently profess their neutrality on the war – while at the same time fueling it by providing financial lifelines to Russia.

China and India were more than happy to step in when Ukraine’s Western allies slapped sanctions on Russian oil, a key moneymaker for Moscow.

From left: Chinese leader Xi Jinping, Russian President Vladimir Putin and Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi prior to the BRICS Summit plenary session in Russia in 2024.

Maxim Shipenkov/AP

They get cheaper energy supplies as a result, but experts say the relationship is not just about the money.

While neither China nor India is willing to enter into a direct confrontation with the West, both are happy to see Russia pushing an anti-Western agenda.

“China is much closer to Russia when it comes to multipolarity and decreasing the Western influence in general. There is an ideological affinity and there is a pure economic interest as well,” Seskuria said.

Lough said Russia’s push against the US-dominated world order also plays well into the Indian narrative. “I think the Indians are not unhappy to see Russia pushing this agenda of fighting the corner of the Global South and ensuring that the system of global governance is adapted to accommodate the rising economies with large populations,” he told CNN.

Beijing and Delhi are now the world’s two largest buyers of Russian oil and coal, with China also being the second-biggest buyer of Russia’s gas and oil products.

The support goes beyond just oil. According to the US Treasury, both Chinese and Indian companies have been supplying Russia with so-called dual-use technologies, or components that can be used for both civilian and military purposes, such as chips or telecommunication equipment that Russia cannot get elsewhere because of Western sanctions.

“You only have to look at the number of Chinese components in the Russian drones that are landing in Ukraine to see that China is really a very important supplier,” Lough added.

Meanwhile, Ukraine and its European allies are not willing to dismiss India and China completely, because they are aware that, if anyone can put real pressure on Putin to end the war – in the absence of tougher action from Trump – it is likely Beijing and, perhaps to a lesser extent, New Delhi.

North Korea and Iran, meanwhile, have stood firmly on Russia’s side. Already sanctioned and isolated by the West over their nuclear programs and other activities, they have little to lose.

Iran was particularly helpful to Moscow in the early months of the war, providing it with know-how on lessening the pain of sanctions, Lough said.

Crucially, Iran also provided much-needed military hardware, including the one weapon that has significantly altered the way Moscow fights in Ukraine – the Shahed drone.

The two countries even signed a new partnership agreement and launched joint military drills.

Russia's President Vladimir Putin shakes hands with Iran's President Masoud Pezeshkian during a meeting in Tianjin, China, on Monday.

Alexander Kazakov/AFP/Pool/Getty Images

Yet Tehran has learned the hard way that any alliance with Russia has clear limits.

Putin did not come to Iran’s assistance when it came under attack from Israel and, later, the US this summer. And beyond providing a safe way out for former Syrian President Bashar al-Assad, formerly a key ally for both Russia and Iran, Putin did not intervene when Assad’s regime was overthrown in December.

For North Korea, isolated and impoverished, the relationship with Russia remains purely transactional, Seskuria said. Russia needs men, and North Korea is possibly the only country that can afford in a political sense to send its own people to fight in a war that has been marked by an enormously high casualty rate on the Russian side.

“They don’t have much to lose, in a sense that there is no public opinion or any resistance that can go against the decision of Kim to send troops to Ukraine,” Seskuria said.

Pragmatism above everything?

The warm welcome Putin received in China, coupled with the military and diplomatic might on display during the summit and the military parade, was designed to convey a message.

“Here we have this symbol of a group of countries that are not best friends as such, but have common strategic interests and that are able to align and they’re able to show to the US and its allies that they are a force to be reckoned with,” Lough said.

“This is unsettling, to say the least, and some would say disturbing, but you then have to ask how sustainable is this?” he said.

The shifts the events in China represented did not happen overnight. Europe might have been caught off guard when Russia launched its full-scale invasion of Ukraine, but it has changed since then.

People gather at Tiananmen Square in Beijing on September 3, 2025, for a military parade marking the 80th anniversary of Japan's defeat in World War II.

In Pictures: China's 80th Victory Day Parade

23 photos

People gather at Tiananmen Square in Beijing on September 3, 2025, for a military parade marking the 80th anniversary of Japan's defeat in World War II. Kyodo/Getty Images

“We are starting to see now what the Europeans are made of and in terms of defense developments in Europe, we can see some remarkable changes,” Lough said.

Things that would have been unthinkable just a few years ago – such as Germany changing its constitution to boost defense spending or the staunchly neutral Sweden and Finland joining NATO – are now happening because of the geopolitical shifts that were on display this week.

As much as Putin’s chumminess with Xi and Modi might have sparked some discomfort in many European capitals, the group was brought together by a combination of need, economic pragmatism and opportunity, analysts say.

“It’s a very functional relationship, that is not based on a strong mutual affection. It’s an alliance of interests rather than an alliance of countries,” Lough said, adding that interests can shift, and a lot of things can happen in the next three and half years of the Trump presidency.

“We are not at the stage where it’s kind of suddenly game over, because a bunch of leaders we don’t like have got together in China for a big celebration,” he said.

2025-09-04

英语

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9.2单词

英语

accompany [əˈkʌmpənɪ] vt. 陪伴；伴随，与…同时发生；伴奏

记联想记忆：ac(表加强) + company(同伴；陪伴) → 陪伴；伴随

搭 accompany training 陪练；accompany a singer 伴唱

例 Your enrolment form must be accompanied by the course deposit of$100. 你的登记表和100 美元的课程押金必须一起上交。

accomplish [əˈkʌmplɪʃ] vt. 达到(目的)，完成(任务)，实现(计划、诺言等)

记联想记忆：ac + compl(看作complete，完成) + ish(使…) → 完成

搭 accomplish one's object 达到了某人的目的；accomplish one's mission完成了某人的任务

例 We must accomplish the task before noon. 我们必须在中午之前完成这项任务。

account * [əˈkaʊnt] v. 说明，解释；(在数量、比例方面)占；导致 n. 账，账户；叙述，说明

记联想记忆：ac(表加强) + count(数) → 账目需要一数再数→ 账

搭 take... into account 考虑…；account for 解释，说明(原因等)；(数量等)占；on account of 因为，由于；give sb. an account of 给某人说明或解释(理由)；not on any account 绝对不

例 Coal is expected to account for almost 27 percent of the world's energy needs. 预计对煤炭的需求将几乎占世界能源需求的27%。

accountancy [əˈkaʊntənsi] n. 会计工作，会计职业

例 He works in accountancy since he graduated from university. 他大学毕业后一直从事会计工作。

accountant [əˈkaʊntənt] n. 会计师

记联想记忆：account(账目) + ant(表人) → 管账的人→ 会计师

accredit [əˈkredɪt] vt. 信任，相信，委任，授权；把…归于

记联想记忆：ac + credit(相信) → 信任，相信

例 Scolded by the boss for many times, the young man was accredited as department manager, which is a suddenness for everybody. 这个多次被老板训斥的年轻人却荣升部门经理，这让所有的人都始料不及。

accreditation * [əˌkredɪ ˈteɪʃn] n. 证明合格，鉴定合格

记来自accredit(vt. 委任，授权)

例 Our school has already reached the standards for the accreditation of colleges. 我们学校已经达到了学院资格认定的标准。

accumulate [əˈkjuːmjəleɪt] v. 积累；堆积

记词根记忆：ac(表加强) + cumul(堆积) + ate → 不断堆积→ 积累

搭 accumulate funds 积累资金

例 The debris that accumulated at the foot of the volcano reached a depth, in places, of 200 feet.

堆积在火山脚下的岩屑在一些地方有200 英尺厚。

派 accumulation(n . 积累；堆积物)

accuracy [ˈækjərəsi] n. 准确(性)，精确(性)

记词根记忆：ac(表加强) + cur(注意，关心) + acy → 一再关心，使其精确→准确(性)，精确(性)

例 The technician placed the machine in the correct spot with complete accuracy . 技术员分毫不差地将机器安放在正确的位置。

accurate [ˈækjərət] a. 正确无误的；精确的

例 The forecast was soon proved accurate . 不久，预言就被证明是正确的。

派 inaccurate(a. 错误的，不准确的)

accustom [əˈkʌstəm] vt. 使习惯于

记联想记忆：ac(表加强) + custom(风俗，习惯) →使成为习惯→ 使习惯于

例 If you go abroad for further study, it will take a period of time for you to accustom yourself to the new environment, the new culture and all the new rules and regulations. 如果你出国留学，那么你需要花上一些时间让自己习惯新的环境、新的文化和所有新的规则与制度。

achievement * [əˈtʃiːvmənt] n. 成就，成绩；达到，完成，实现

记来自achieve(v. 达到，完成)

搭 sense of achievement 成就感

例 His achievements spread from the sun and moon to remote galaxies. 他的研究成果从太阳、月亮延伸到遥远的星系。

acid * [ˈæsɪd] n. 酸 a. 酸的；尖刻的

例 DNA is the short form of deoxyribonucleic acid . DNA 是脱氧核糖核酸的缩写形式。

acknowledge [əkˈnɒlɪdʒ] v. 承认，确认；致意；感谢

记联想记忆：ac + know(知道) + ledge → 大家都知道了，所以不得不承认→ 承认

例 Plagiarism is taking other people's work without acknowledging it, that is, without saying where it comes from. 剽窃就是引用了人家的作品却不承认，即不注明出处。

acoustic [əˈkuːstɪk] a. 原声的；声音(学)的；听觉的

例 In the houses near the highway special acoustic seals should be fitted to the doors to reduce noise. 位于公路旁的住房的房门上应该安装专门的隔音封条，以降低噪音。

acquaint [əˈkweɪnt] vt. (使)认识；(使)熟悉

例 Film provides an ideal opportunity to acquaint viewers with something unknown. 电影给观众提供了一个了解未知事物的绝佳机会。

同 inform(v. 通知，告知)

acquaintance [əˈkweɪntəns] n. 熟人；认识，了解

记联想记忆：acquaint( 使熟悉) + ance( 名词后缀) → 熟人；认识

搭 a speaking acquaintance 见面聊几句的朋友；nodding acquaintance 点头之交

例 It was in the United States that I made the acquaintance of Professor Jones. 我是在美国结识琼斯教授的。

acquire * [əˈkwaɪə(r)] vt. 取得，获得

记词根记忆：ac(表加强) + quir(追求) + e → 不断追求才能够获得→ 获得，取得

例 In the process of evolution, monkeys have not acquired the art of speech. 在进化的过程中，猴子未能获得语言能力。

acquisition [ˌækwɪ ˈzɪʃn] n. 取得；获得物

例 Tom's newest acquisition is a luxurious sports car. 汤姆新得了一辆豪华跑车。

acrobat * [ˈækrəbæt] n. 特技演员；杂技演员

记词根记忆：acro(高) + bat(走) → 高空走的人→ 杂技演员

例 They are acrobats with the Albanian State Circus. 他们是阿尔巴尼亚国家马戏团的杂技演员。

acrobatic * [ˌækrəˈbætɪk] a. 杂技的；杂技般的；杂技演员的

例 Jane used to be an acrobatic dancer but three years's ago, she started to learn fencing. 简曾经是一名杂技舞蹈演员，但是三年前她开始学习击剑。

activate * [ˈæktɪveɪt] vt. 激活；使活动，使活化

记词根记忆：act(做) + iv + ate(使…) → 使活跃→ 激活

例 Nicotine in cigarette smoke activates small blood cells that increase the likelihood of blood clots, thereby affecting blood circulation throughout the body. 香烟中的尼古丁会激活小的血细胞，这些血细胞增加了血栓的可能性，从而影响体内的血液循环。

派 activator(n. 催化剂)

actual * [ˈæktʃuəl] a. 实际的；真实的

搭 in actual fact 实际上

例 Is this vase an actual antique or a copy? 这个花瓶是真古董还是赝品？

派 actually(ad. 实际上；居然)

acumen [ˈækjəmən] n. 敏锐；精明

记词根记忆：acu(尖，锐利，酸) + men → 敏锐；精明

例 Sometimes, organizations with sound financial backing, good product ideas and market acumen underperform and fail to meet shareholders' expectations. 有时，拥有雄厚的资金保障、良好的产品理念和对市场的精准把握的公司却表现不佳，不能达到股东们的期望。

acupuncture [ˈækjupʌŋktʃə(r)] n. 针刺疗法，针灸

例 Acupuncture is a kind of Chinese method of treating pain and illness using special thin needles. 针灸是一种中医疗法，通过使用特殊的细针来治疗病痛。

acute [əˈkjuːt] a. 灵敏的；剧烈的，猛烈的

例 Dogs have very acute hearing. 狗的听觉很灵敏。

adapt * [əˈdæpt] v. 使适合；改编；适应

记词根记忆：ad + apt(适合的) → 使适合；适应

搭 adapt to 适应…；adapt from 根据…改编

例 All those older buildings in the city have been adapted for present-day use. 城里的旧建筑已经全部经过改造，以作今日之用。

派 adaptable(a. 能适应的；可修改的)

adaptation [ˌædæpˈteɪʃn] n. 适应；改编；改制物

记联想记忆：adapt(改编；适应) + ation(名词后缀) → 适应；改编

例 The simplicity of Indian ways of life has been judged an evolutionary adaptation to forest ecology. 印第安人的生活方式很简单，这被认为是在进化中适应森林生态环境的结果。

addict [ˈædɪkt] n. 吸毒成瘾的人，有瘾的人，对…入迷的人

例 The most tragical sight of all is the very young addicts . 最悲惨的一幕是目睹那些非常年轻的吸毒者。

addiction * [əˈdɪkʃn] n. 瘾；沉溺

搭 television addiction 看电视上瘾

例 For his severe illness he had to fight his addiction to alcohol. 因为病情严重，他不得不克服自己的酒瘾。

addition * [əˈdɪʃn] n. 加，增加(物)

记联想记忆：add(加) + ition → 加，增加(物)

搭 in addition 另外；in addition to... 除…之外

例 This fruit is a welcome addition to the English diet. 这种添加在英式食谱中的水果很受欢迎。

additional * [əˈdɪʃənl] a. 附加的；追加的

搭 additional charges 附加费用；additional outlay 额外开支；additional cost 额外费用，新增成本

例 In recent years a number of additional countries have subscribed to the Ottawa Charter. 近几年，又有许多国家同意加入《渥太华宪章》。

address * [əˈdres] vt. 致函，写姓名地址；向…讲话，演说；处理，对付 n. 地址；致词

搭 address a letter 给信写上地址；address sb. 向…致词

例 In the marketing course we address all these commercial issues. 在营销课上，我们讨论所有这些商业问题。

adequate * [ˈædɪkwət] a. 充足的；合适的，合格的

记词根记忆：ad(表加强) + equ(平等) + ate → 比平等多的→ 充足的

搭 be adequate for 适合于…

例 Good living habits and adequate health care are critical factors of governing health. 良好的生活习惯和适当的卫生保健是保持健康的关键因素。

派 inadequate(a. 不充足的；不适当的)

adhere * [ədˈhɪə(r)] vi. 黏附；遵守；坚持

记词根记忆：ad(表加强) + her(黏附) + e → 黏附；遵守

搭 adhere to 坚持；黏附；遵守

例 Our firm has a set of standards which adhere to international requirements. 我们公司拥有一套符合国际要求的标准。

adjacent [əˈdʒeɪsnt] a . 邻近的，毗连的

例 People living in houses adjacent to the airport are tormented by noise for years. 住在机场附近的居民常年受到噪音的折磨。

同 adjoining(a. 邻接的)；contiguous(a . 接近的)

反 detached(a. 分开的)；separate(a . 个别的，单独的)

adjunct [ˈædʒʌŋkt] n. 附加物，附件；附加语，修饰语

记词根记忆：ad + junct(结合，连接) → 连在上面的东西→ 附加物

例 Alternative medicine appears to be an adjunct , sought in times of disenchantment when conventional medicine seems not to offer the answer. 替代医学似乎变成了一种附加物。在传统医学因为无法提供答案而令人倍感失望的时候，人们发现了替代医学。

adjust * [əˈdʒʌst] v. 校准；调节；使…适应

记词根记忆：ad + just(正确) → 使正确→ 校准；调节；使…适应

搭 adjust a policy 调整政策；adjust expenses to income 量入为出；adjust a watch 调表；adjust to 适应，调节

例 Research shows that older readers are having difficulty in adjusting to texts without pictures. 调查显示，年纪较大的读者在阅读那些不带图画的文章时比较费劲。

administer * [ədˈmɪnɪstə(r)] v . 掌管；给予

搭 administer to 有助于；给予

例 The personnel director administers the attendance policy. 人事经理负责考勤。// Doctors can administer curative drugs to treat lung cancer. 医生可以开一些医疗药物来治疗肺癌。

administration * [ədˌmɪnɪ ˈstreɪʃn] n. 管理(部门)；行政(机关)

记联想记忆：ad + ministr(看作minister，部长) + ation → 部长的工作→ 管理；行政

例 The administration office is opposite the car park on the left.管理办公室在停车场的对面左边。

administrative * [ədˈmɪnɪstrətɪv] a. 管理的，行政的

例 Jack used to work in an administrative position. 杰克曾担任行政工作。

administrator * [ədˈmɪnɪstreɪtə(r)] n. 管理者，管理人员；行政人员

例 For sports administrators we provide a four - month certificate course. 对于体育管理人员，我们提供为期四个月的证书课程。

admission [ədˈmɪʃn] n. 允许进入，加入权，进入权；招供，招认；入场券

记词根记忆：ad(表加强) + miss(送) + ion → 允许送入→ 允许进入

例 If you have any questions, please contact the Admissions & Information Office. 如果你有任何问题，请与招生信息办公室联系。

admit * [ədˈmit] v. 承认；准许…进入；准许…加入

记词根记忆：ad(表加强) + mit(送) → 能送进去→ 准许…进入

例 Bill was forced to admit that he had cheated on the test. 比尔被迫承认他在考试中作弊了。

派 admittance(n. 进入权；进入)

adobe [əˈdəʊbi] n. 土坯，泥砖

例 Gharib has already been contacted by a civil engineer in Nicaragua, who wants to put up buildings with adobe roofs supported by concrete arches on a site that heavy equipment can't reach. 尼加拉瓜的一名土木工程师联系了加里卜，该工程师想在一个地方建造由混凝土拱支撑的砖顶大楼，但是重型设备到不了该地。

adolescence [ˌædəˈlesns] n. 青春，青春期

记联想记忆：ado(看作adult，成年人) + lescence(看作licence，许可证) → 青少年即将拿到成年的许可证→ 青春，青春期

例 Adolescence brings about major changes in a young person's body and mind. 青春期给年轻人的身心带来巨大改变。

adolescent [ˌædəˈlesnt] n. 青少年 a. 青春期的；青少年的

记联想记忆：adol(看作adult，成年人) + esc(计算机上退出键) + ent(人) → 好想从成年人退回到青少年→ 青少年

搭 an adolescent girl 一个妙龄少女

例 The adolescent always respects parents who admit their mistakes. 青少年往往尊敬能承认错误的父母。

adopt * [əˈdɒpt] v. 采用，采取，采纳；收养，领养；正式通过，批准

记联想记忆：这个被收养(adopt)的孩子必须适应(adapt)新的环境

搭 adopt the new policy 通过新政策；adopt a new technique 采用新技术

例 After becoming independent of the local authority and adopting its new title, our College continued to build on its first class reputation. 自从我们学院脱离当地部门并改了新名之后，就一直致力于打造一所一流院校。

advance [ədˈvɑːns] a. 预先的；先行的 v. 前进，向前移动；取得进展；预付 n. 前进，前移；增长，提高；预付(款等)

搭 in advance 预先，提前；book in advance 提前预订

例 It is essential to reserve a computer three days in advance if you want to use one. 如果你想使用电脑，最好提前三天预订。

advanced * [ədˈvɑːnst] a. 先进的

例 Prehistoric Amazonians developed technology and art that were advanced for their time. 史前亚马逊人创造了当时先进的技术和艺术。

2025-09-02

英语

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9.1单词

英语

abandon [əˈbændən] vt. 放弃，遗弃

记联想记忆：a + band(乐队) + on → 乐队解散，放弃演出→ 放弃

例 She and her tribe had to abandon their lands and retreat to Canada. 她和她的部落被迫放弃了土地，退到加拿大。

派 abandonment(n. 放弃，遗弃)

abate [əˈbeɪt] v. 减轻；降价

记联想记忆：a(表加强) + bate(减弱，减少) → 减轻

例 After the closedown of the airport, noise pollution abated . 机场关闭后，噪音污染减轻了。

abhorrent [əbˈhɒrənt] a. 可恶的，可恨的

记词根记忆：ab(表加强) + horr(发抖) + ent(形容词后缀) → 让人发抖的→可恶的，可恨的

例 As far as I'm concerned, the practice of killing rare wild animals for food and money is utterly abhorrent and should be punished by law. 我认为，为获取食物和金钱而猎杀珍稀野生动物的行径可恶至极，应该受到法律的制裁。

abide [əˈbaɪd] v. 停留，逗留；容忍，忍受

记词根记忆：a + bide(停留) → 停留，逗留

搭 abide by 遵守，遵循

例 Anyone can abide by what he or she said, but it doesn't mean all of them are correct. 任何人都可以坚持自己所说的话，但这并不意味着他们全都是正确的。

ability * [əˈbɪləti] n. 能力；本领；才能

搭 have the ability to do sth. 有做…的能力；to the best of one's ability 尽全力

例 Classes are organised according to ability level. 根据能力水平进行分班。

abode * [əˈbəʊd] n. 房屋，家，住所

搭 right of abode 居住权；fixed abode 固定住所；permanent abode 永久住所

例 I do not dare to linger in that gloom-hidden abode . 我不敢在那个隐没于黑暗中的房屋里逗留。

abolish [əˈbɒlɪʃ] vt. 废止，废除

例 The ancient Olympics were abolished by the Roman Emperor Theodosius in 393 AD, after Greece lost its independence. 在希腊丧失主权之后，罗马皇帝狄奥多西于公元393 年废除了古代奥林匹克运动会。

同 annul(vt. 废除，取消)；destroy(vt. 破坏，消灭)

abound * [əˈbaʊnd] vi. 富于；充满

记联想记忆：a(一个) + bound(界限，范围) → 所有物品都在一个范围内→富于；充满

例 The mountain streams abound with fish. 山溪里有许多鱼。

absent * [ˈæbsənt] a. 不在场的；心不在焉的

记词根记忆：ab(离去) + sent(送) → 送走→ 不在场的

例 Why were you absent from my birthday party yesterday? 你昨天怎么没来参加我的生日派对呢？

派 absence(n. 缺席，不在；缺乏)

absenteeism * [ˌæbsənˈtiːɪzəm] n. 旷课；旷工

记联想记忆：absent(缺席) + ee(表人) + ism → 旷课；旷工

例 In an attempt to reduce the level of absenteeism amongst employees, the company introduced three different strategies. 该公司采用了三种不同的策略，希望以此降低员工的旷工率。

absolute * [ˈæbsəluːt] a. 完全的，绝对的，纯粹的

记词根记忆：ab(表加强) + solut(松开) + e → 完全松开→ 完全的，绝对的，纯粹的

搭 absolute trust 绝对信任；absolute zero 绝对零度

例 There is no absolute standard for beauty. 美没有绝对的标准。

absorb * [əbˈsɔːb] v. 吸收；吸引…的注意，使全神贯注；把…并入，同化

记词根记忆：ab(离去) + sorb(吸收) → 吸收掉→ 吸收

搭 be absorbed into/in 全神贯注于…

例 Trees can absorb carbon dioxide. 树木可以吸收二氧化碳。// The writer was so absorbed in his writing that he forgot to flick the ashes from his cigar. 作家全神贯注地写作，忘了弹去雪茄烟的烟灰。

派 absorption(n. 吸收)

abstract [ˈæbstrækt] a. 抽象的；抽象派的 n. 摘要，梗概；抽象 [æbˈstrækt] vt. 摘要，提炼；抽象化

记词根记忆：abs + tract(拉，抽) → 抽象化

搭 abstract noun 抽象名词；abstract science 抽象科学

例 Thus, we concluded that the blind interpret abstract shapes as sighted people do. 于是，我们得出结论：盲人与视力正常者对抽象形状的理解是一样的。

派 abstracted(a. 抽象的)

abstraction [æbˈstrækʃn] n. 抽象

例 Logic, rationality and abstraction have their origins in the left hemisphere. 逻辑、推理和抽象思维都源自大脑左半球。

absurd [əbˈsɜːd] a. 荒谬的，荒唐的

例 Wearing a swimming suit during a snowstorm is absurd. 下雪天穿泳装可真荒唐。

派 absurdism(n. 荒诞主义)

同 ridiculous(a. 荒谬的，可笑的)

abundance * [əˈbʌndəns] n. 大量，丰富，充足，充裕

记来自abundant(a. 丰富的，充裕的)

搭 in abundance 丰富

例 At the party, there was food and drink in abundance . 宴会上，食品和饮料供应充足。

同 profusion(n. 丰富)；affluence(n. 富足)；wealth( n. 大量)

反 scarcity(n. 缺乏，不足)；deficiency(n. 缺少)

abuse * [əˈbjuːs] n. 滥用，妄用；虐待，伤害；辱骂，毁谤 [əˈbjuːz] v. 滥用，妄用；虐待，伤害；辱骂，毁谤

记词根记忆：ab(偏离) + us(使用) + e → 使用不当→ 滥用

搭 drug abuse 滥用药物，吸毒；abuse one's authority/office 滥用权威/职权；child abuse 虐待儿童；verbal abuse 口头谩骂

例 Biometrics may raise thorny questions about privacy and the potential for abuse . 生物测定学可能会引起棘手的隐私问题，也可能导致对此技术的滥用。

academic [ˌækəˈdemɪk] a. 学院的；学术的；不切实际的 n. 学者；大学教师

搭 academic achievements 学术成就；academic study 学术研究；academic problems 学术问题；academic teaching staff 师资力量

例 Once in higher education, you can apply for a loan at any time in the academic year. 进入高校以后，你就可以在学年内的任何时间申请贷款。

派 academically(ad. 学术上)；academia(n. 学术界；学术生涯)

accelerate [əkˈseləreɪt] v. 加速；促进

记词根记忆：ac(=to) + celer( 快速的) + ate( 使…) → 加速；促进

例 The leader lost ground as the rest of the runners accelerated . 领先者在其余赛跑者加速时逐渐失去了优势。

acceptable * [əkˈseptəbl] a. 可接受的

例 The salesman's attitude is simply not acceptable by the customers. 那个售货员的态度是顾客所不能接受的。

access * [ˈækses] vt. 进入；使用 n. 通道，入径；机会；权利

记词根记忆：ac + cess(走) → 走进去→ 进入

搭 access to 接近/进入…的方法/通路；使用…的权利；have/gain access to可以获得

例 The students could access the Internet in the library. 学生们可以在图书馆上网。

accessible [əkˈsesəbl] a. 能接近的；易达到的

例 He pointed his telescope to every accessible part of the sky and recorded what he saw. 他将望远镜指向天空中所有可以达到的地方，并记录下所看到的。

accessory * [əkˈsesəri] n. 附件，零件； [ 常pl.] (尤指女性的)服装搭配物，装饰品；【律】同谋，帮凶

记联想记忆：ac(附近) + cess(走) + ory → 接近主体部件→ 附件，零件

搭 accessory to …的附件

例 The uniforms for women in the company were white frocks decorated with purple, white and green accessories . 这家公司的女式工作服是配有紫色、白色和绿色装饰物的白色裙装。

acclaim * [əˈkleɪm] vt. 向…欢呼，为…喝彩 n. 称赞；欢迎

记词根记忆：ac(向) + claim(大声呼喊) → 向某人大声叫喊→ 向…欢呼，为…喝彩

搭 win worldwide acclaim 赢得广泛的赞誉；receive great acclaim 备受赞扬

例 There's lots to see and to do, including the internationally- acclaimed climbing wall built on the site of the old aquarium. 这里有很多可看的和可玩的，其中包括那个建在水族馆旧址上享誉世界的攀岩墙。

派 acclaimed(a. 受欢呼的，受称赞的)

同 cheer(v. 欢呼，喝彩)

acclimatise * [əˈklaɪmətaɪz] v. (使…)服水土；(使…)适应新环境

例 After a couple of days to acclimatise yourself, you'll start the trek on day three walking through the enormous Katiba Forest which will take the whole of the day. 前两天让自己适应环境，第三天要开始徒步穿越巨大的卡蒂巴森林，这需要一整天的时间。

accommodation * [əˌkɒməˈdeɪʃn] n. 住处，膳宿；适应，调节

记联想记忆：ac + commod(看作common，普通的) + ation( 名词后缀) → 再普通的人都需要住处→ 住处，膳宿

搭 student accommodation 学生宿舍；accom - modation facilities 住宿设施

例 If you are booking accommodation through the school, your course and accommodation deposit will be $200. 如果你通过学校预订食宿，你的课程和膳宿押金是200 美元。

2025-09-01

英语

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